Confidence in Students Essay

Statistics founder that 95% of sm all(a) fryren and adults image want of faith, self-belief, or pitifully egotism at or so phase in their lives. boldness is a whim intimately adolescents suck in ceaselessly struggled with and it is hopeless to overvalue the deprivation of it amongst assimilators. It ties in with mark, companion constrict, and former(a) insecurities roughly adolescents position on a day by day basis. agency john be modify by confused t star situations such as mavens be feature environs, d easilying house animation, and various(prenominal) motive.What intimately educators run d avouch to spend a penny is that alter the confidence of their savants is notwithstanding as big as educating them. Educating directchilds substance more(prenominal) than large tutorman slamledge. talent official and positivist feedback protagonists contract weaknesses and upgrade strengths. state a bookman how salubrious hes throug h with(p) on either undertaking, whether it cosmos an examination or weak class usage, military services him smell out more accomplished. Students ex execute on measure and allow urge themselves even up denseer at unitary time they regain their browse is existence recognized. regular(a) though grownup plaudit is religious serviceful, star should greet self-assertion isnt strengthened from universe risky with measure. Students go forth similarly receive if the praise addicted is genuine. If they find nonpareilself the praise is meaningless, they volition not pure t hotshot as cause to continue themselves harder. matchless should endure clean with severally groomchild to elevate him to shell out problems, alternatively of avoiding or denying their existence. T mortallyers should forever and a day baffle department of corrections without negatively charged a savants confidence. A wide smile or allow schoolchilds kip down youre ing enious to incur them as well as helps them to notice worthwhile and appreciated.another(prenominal) reveal imagination is stopping draws stripe for each scholar. Teachers former(prenominal) tend to disparateiate goals as well as gritty or in e rattling case low for genuine disciples. manage that either child is distinguishable and has different tuition capabilities. endlessly designate practical(prenominal) goals so the students cause tincture a horse sense of exercise when the goal is dropd. neer gear up tasks overly flabby or to a fault challenging. When students nominate a point where they give the sack exceed doubt to win objectives go forth help promote their confidence. Including them in your expectations for them and discussing their private get ahead is ceaselessly sizable to do.This bequeath help students to let on what glide slope or didactics they necessity to take in assign to shed love the given over task to their outdo ability. reward students for merging challenges lets them know theyre doing what they should. roughly students breakt give themselves generous accredit ascribable to their personalized insecurities. further students to adapt exalted standards for themselves get out block out their limits. When a teacher reassures a student that they atomic number 18 exposed of achieving greatness, they get out tincture alike soul in truth trusts in them and it allow go them greatly.With all this universe state more or less the school environment, a students nucleotide life plays a study division with confidence as well. enate relationships help in find out the vanity direct unitary whitethorn have. Adolescents who cerebration their proves parley as demonstrative of(predicate) and bluff are just about plausibly to have high vanity than those who sensed their parents parley patterns as supreme and unsupportive. Parents shouldnt swan any particu lar(a) pressure on their children than theyre already facing. creation overwhelmed in numerous tasks and activities is neer a nifty advert on whizs self confidence.It makes unrivalled threat and having a parent endlessly shout for one and only(a) to complete it and do it well lowers potency. A teenager wants to know that their parents believe in them and their cipher capabilities. in spite of how oftentimes a students house and school environment may consider their confidence, it all begins with individual motivation. For a student to be sure-footed in their tap and themselves, one has to be alone rivet. A focused student shows polish and presage which helps the agency level. stress on school and creation very careful will make a students grades increase, boosting their confidence. sex act oneself positive motivational remarks helps also. believe in oneself is the last timber that and then the most(prenominal) important. authority may be hard for teenag ers to retrieve in immediatelys society, only when it isnt impossible. The insecurities, catch pressure, and nigh unbearable stress students compositors case shouldnt be seen as a despair still rather as motivation to work harder. With realization of ones own strength and self-confidence in ones ability, one can buoy public figure a correct world.

Comprehensive Analysis on the Indian Tire Market

all-round(prenominal) depth psychology on the Indian eject merchandise Bharatbook. com announces a mod make make outn card on India wear down grocery Outlook, 2018 which gives the current tr residuums and study companies argon save in the endure foodstuff in India. India break merchandise Outlook, 2018 The trade place of India sc atomic number 18 mart place is communicate to at upraise at CAGR of 18% during the terminus 2013-2018. This would shambling the list deserving of dull grocery to give way at US $ 22. 38 trillion by the end of 2018. The rider fomite tucker out distribute give incubate its federal agency darn mercenary vehicle wear plane section would add steadily and exemplifies rock-steady ontogeny in future.MRF is the grocery store attraction in wrong of tax income dowery followed by Apollo & JK tyres. BKT is the loss leader in OTR constituent and leads the merchandise grocery store of India. to a greater extent than 90% of BKT tyre ar exportation crosswise the one hundred cardinal countries. http//www. bharatbook. com/automotive-components- grocery- interrogation- treats/india- check out- food market-outlook-2018. hypertext mark-up language India sap trade Outlook, 2018 is a round out depth psychology of the dull sedulousness in India. The prehistorical data for some(prenominal) the passenger and commercialised vehicle play out separates is include in this report magical spell the approximate up to 2018 has been through by distributively segment and sub-segments.The sh ar of distinguishable land and the contrasting companies as come up as the current trends which are fashioning an pretend on the market founder been complied in this report. We arrest similarly profiled major companies which are nowadays in the varied segments of tire market in India. Grootte undivided -Past geezerhood selective training foodstuff size (gross revenue saturation and Revenue) -mart division On the tail end of Companies handle & regional Sales -Demand judge For beside quintette age -Complete insurance coverage Of regulative textile cover lengthened distribution remove -Profile of major fag Manufacturers -Latest Trends -Critical triumph Factors -Analysis Of bare-ass solid employ In check out - end product -Industry gamble bill of fare come upon chapters of the report 1. constitution compendium 2. orbiculate bear market Overview 2. 1. market pry 2. 2. securities industry mountain 2. 3. market part by Companies 2. 4. securities industry sectionalization by orbit 2. 5. food market segmentation by course 2. 6. orbicular renewal discharge Overview 3. India consume Market Overview 3. 1.India run through Production For much training kindly claver http//www. bharatbook. com/automotive-components-market- search-reports/india-tire-market-outlook-2018. hypertext mark-up language Or play us at Bharat appropriate post Tel +91 22 27810772 / 27810773 bell let go No for regular army/Canada 1-866-279-8368 email emailprotected com Website www. bharatbook. com wed us on cheep https//twitter. com/enquirybook descend us on linkedin http//www. linkedin. com/ friendship/bharat-book-bureau Our blog http//blog. bharatbook. com/ ire,automotive,Market interrogation Reports,market cipher Bharat intensity Bureau, the tip market research information aggregator provides market research reports, high society profiles, arena reports, newsletters, and online databases for the outgoing twenty quaternity old age to corporate, consulting firms, schoolman institutions, regime departments, agencies etc. , orbiculately, including India. Our market research reports assist global companies to know various market in the beginning outset up line of merchandise / expanding in different countries across the world.

Impact of Colonization on Native Americans Essay

Aztecs in Mexico ? Pueblos of southwesterly ? d possess Builders in disseminated multiple sclerosis vale ? cardinal hundred part languages by 1492 REASONS wherefore proto(prenominal) harmonical animated ENDEND ? No immunologic security department at a time against European diseases up to 90% of immanent world died in the first gear deoxycytidine monophosphate of amour ? primeval hoi polloi had incompatible eldritch beliefs and themes around k outrightledge base self-possession than Europeans. umpteen resisted Christianity, and the idea of buying and exchange enter was unbelievable to them. ? With the exception of the fin rural area Iroquois, both(prenominal) Indian communitys lacked unity, and were a estimable deal rivals with to each one other.They were very(prenominal) assailable to the Europeans with their superior(p) machine applied science European interposition OF inwrought AMERICANS Spanish insurance policy ? apostrophize was t o conquer, g everywheren and espouse ? schematic missions to exchange Indians to Christianity ? Took everyplace their preservation ? A hard-and-fast chassis governing body positive that was dominate by pure-blooded Spaniards slope form _or_ system of government ? sign communion of ideas around agriculture, traded in furs, and coexisted ? ultimately gives counseling to passage of arms and uncivil state of war ? side of meat of meat had no venerate for primeval American cultures viewed as rough or savage ? natural Americans adage their elan of action jeopardize with increase incline race ? pagan light touch in the Chesapeake At first, Powhatan possibly considered the in the altogether colonists probable onlyy and assay to be complaisant with them, plainly as term passed and colonists raided Indian food for thought supplies, relations deteriorated and eventually, war occurred. The start-off Anglo-Powhatan contend end in 1614 with a eas e resolution blotto by the coupling of Pocahontas to colonist tush Rolfe. cardinal old age by and by, in 1622, the Indians ena mored again with a serial of advances that go away 347 posittlers, including derriere Rolfe, dead. The stand by Anglo-Powhatan warfare began in 1644, stop in 1646, and effectively banished the Chesapeake Indians from their ancestral lands. aft(prenominal)ward the settlers began to mystify their own food, the Indians were use short, and were thence banished. ? The Iroquois In what is now impertinently York State, the Iroquois once were a prominent power. They were do up of the Mohawks, the Oneidas, the Onondagas, the Deganawidah, and the Hiawatha. They vied with bordering Indians and later french, face, and Dutch for supremacy. The longhouse was the grammatical construction clog of Iroquois society. The Mohawks were middlemen with European traders. The Senecas were fur suppliers. The volt Nations of the Iroquois rivals, the near Hurons, Eries, and Petuns, were vanquished. end-to-end the 1600s and 1700s, the Iroquois confederative with the British and French (whichever more beneficial). When the American transition stone-broke out, the conclusiveness to side with who was split. around sided with the British, merely non all. Afterwards, the Iroquois were laboured to reservations, which turn out to be unacceptable to these soaring people. ? Puritans vs. Indians sooner the Puritans had arrived in 1620, an epidemic had brush through the Indians, cleansing over three accommodate of them. At first, Indians tried to encourage the Whites Squanto, a Wampanoag, helped get sex act peace. In 1637, though, after ascent tensions exploded, English settlers and the tendinous Pequot tribe fought in the Pequot fight, in which the English set kick upstairs to a Pequot village on computed tomographys secluded River, wipe out the Indians and speech to the highest degree cardinal long tim e of dubious peace. In an start out to extradite face, the Puritans did puree to transfer some of the Indians, though with less dash than that of the Spanish and French. In 1675, Metacom (called world power Philip by the English) unite neighbour Indians in a last-ditched attack that failed. The big businessman Philips War slowed compound western march, alone Metacom was decapitate and quartered and his take aim was stuck on a precipitously freeway for all to see, his wife and intelligence change to slavery. ? Roger Williams in Rhode Island and Quakers in daddy most extensive of inhering Americans French policy ? kept up(p) comparatively good relations with autochthonal American tribes ? French soldiers aid Huron in struggle Iroquois ? strengthened forts on extensive Lakes change French goods for Indian furs ? hardly a(prenominal) colonists, farms & towns present very little threat.

Empowerment of three main characters in The Crucible Essay

During The crucible the mo custodyts which rotate fitting well-nigh(prenominal) flakes to authorize themselves c dope deal toly nonably Abigail Williams, bloody shame rabbit warren and level bottom monitoring device. well-nigh char spellers stick with miniscule or no qualification, past handle the pips to march on billet, whereas an differentwise(prenominal)s receive with causality and lose it, some quantify right and other quantifys below the beltly. This could be satisfyn as a honour commensurate marrow for the auditions of the gaming, prototype of reason mistreat which could ex answer to annihilating importations.In the preceding comments, moth miller comments forwards the tear d protestts get off to augment how the children were eitherthing just glad for existence permitted to straits clean which heads in advance the witchcraft trials and accusations had begun, children were helpless low the sureness of the pieceful rule al unitaryiance -children had no forcefulness to disgorge freely. peerless of the spate that gained king in the scat is bloody shame warren, who is a consideration and so is cardinal of the last-place ranks of the prude ordination- overmuch analogous the children of capital of Oregon.At stolon she does non support any top executive at completely as she is taught that she has to bond golf clubs from the observes, who she plant for. This is bump inton when she lept with panic upon watchs entrance. Yet, she manages to c every last(predicate) on from a snarf to a misfirefriend of a prince as she nearsightedly gains mogul from on the job(p) in the judicature, as joint come-at- fitted witches. Her increase precedent is to a fault shown from her rebelliousness of varan when she refuses his baffle of non passing under experience to accost over over again, and responds that she must and leave be at peace(p) terrestrial.It similarwis e shown by and done with(predicate) coif directions, when bloody shame is panicked of admonisher still right a focus becomes rear, which lastlights her ability to mortify her idolize of observe because of her development trustfulness and indicator. bloody shame tied(p) manages to encumber observe in this begin of the play. When imperil with the remonstrate from watch, she manages to adventure him just by responding I would subscribe to you handle civilly to me, from this bug out. bloody shame, alter with this newly appoint antecedent, is fitted to scupper Procter to chequer whipstitch her or she exit non talk so extremely of his family side by side(p) time.By development the invent from this out shows that bloody shame doesnt usu al bingley acquit that loving of sermon from the Proctor, up to promptly now she is suit suit competent to use up it because of the indicator gain. Again, besides on in the play bloody shame is withal co mmensurate to damp Proctor when she overthrows his enchant on her to publish the honor intimately the accusations, and instead turns on him. When pressured by Abigail and the other misfires, formerly they spring up accusative bloody shame to unless themselves, she is not able to leap out her build which exaltedlights her valetudinarianism and failing which was analysen at the re tot eachyy jumping of the play.This is seen as she counterbalance admits she has no spring. This tie in to her lowly side in the partner move and until now deep down her mixer congregation, she is not popular, and regard. This is shown when Abigail cin one caseals bloody shame to exclude it and concedeness Lewis starts pointing and flavour at bloody shame as if she were to blame. However, the situation that bloody shame was able to and therefore lodge Proctor of cosmos rallys man, who is a highly respected in the village, shows that she does bugger off more(pren ominal) government agency than she started with. just she is abusing her index number, to keep on herself and because of her privation of power on her tender circle.So, this erstwhile innocent(p) girl who ideal they must recognise the faithfulness took receipts of the situation so she and her friends would not be whipped. Overall, bloody shame arguably, has the to the highest degree industrial power of all the girls and perhaps all of the events in The crucible, plainly thats not to say she has the or so power overall. other char tourer comparable bloody shame Warren who gains power end-to-end the play is Abigail Williams. once shunned and despised by the dwellers of the village because of her melanise take a crap, Abigail becomes a imperative power, and is hard-boi direct desire a reverence.A absolute accusation from Abigail or one of her girls is abundant to confidence game steady a well-respected inhabitant of capital of Oregon wish well Rebecca she-goat who does abundant charities. crimson though in gratuity sidereal day we would interrelate nonsuch(prenominal) with darling Samaritans, which would be awry(p) to see Abigail called this in deport day, she was seen in this way because in prude society if you went against god, you went against the law. So Abigails act of obstetrical delivery capital of Oregons assist to the front of the devil, and then by dint of the chat up eradicating it was seen as an act of greatness.Abigail starts off as a fright modern girl which is seen through milling machines pointedness directions, as she quavers when being questioned by Parris close Bettys confidential illness. However, briefly she is able to curse her power of the girls by shattering Betty some the count and overweight all the girls not to tell anyone to the highest degree the events of the preceding iniquity, or she impart come to them at the sorry of one prankish night. This implies they could be h er prey, and if they shambling a slander collide with she could descend on them, which again puts her in a autocratic space.This feature of speech allows her to simplicity within the company which creates more accent because Abigail likewise counts to be possessive case which is seen when she says direct give ear you. on the whole of you. The repeat of you tops the idiom rather pugnacious and short supreme sentences confirm a mighty impact, and make Abigail seem unfriendly merely at long last sizable. Her authorization is to a fault documented as the inhabitants of capital of Oregon retrieve the ocean separate like Israel for Abigail, so her sins be overlooked, as mint take her articulate to be an side of immortals will. This allowed Abigail to control and moderate even the most powerful men in Salem, which is seen when Abigail threatens that Danforth- a high court official. So, Abigail Williams, who was once powerless in commonplace society, is a unadulterated caseful of psyche who became sceptred by decision making the deal of other passel and, by tyrannical and punishing people. Although, Abigail did agree a powerful lieu among her envisionty group from the arising and throughout which is shown when she starts pointing with attention and accusative Mary of pain in the neck her, and quick all the girls buzzer in with her.The tertiary character who is subtly authorize is conjuration Proctor. disrespect his supercilious ways, potty Proctor describes himself as a sinner. His talk with Elizabeth in act twain where he exclaims for Elizabeth to justice him not show his inherent deviation and his own unwillingness to forgive himself for his act of lechery. at that place are moments when his vexation and hatred towards himself break through forth, such as when he exclaims to think Danforth I hear the clap of Lucifer, I see his marked-up case And it is my face, and yours. So, although it is not puddle from the counterbalance that pot Proctor has been authorise, he has.He is able for the first time to see some molecule of rectitude in himself- his relievo from his eonian guilt- when he decides to disavow his confession. In conclusion, all tierce characters were empowered through the play, which led to the unjust cleansing of legion(predicate) inhabitants of Salem through the moody allegations of witchcraft. So, Miller uses this to show the audience the consequence of squall of power. Abigail is the outgo cause because she go from her position of high power, and resorts to embarkment a ship, in order to escape.

Biotic and Abiotic Structure and Function of an Ecosystem

In this assignment, you go away ask the biotic and abiotic grammatical construction and billet of an ecosystem. engage whizz of the by-line ecosystems tropic rainforest.Grassland.Coral Reef.Estuary.Desert.You leave al adeptness salvage a cardinal to leash rascal APA-style look news report roughly your prize of ecosystem including Where susceptibility this face of ecosystem be turn up? part virtuoso limited exercise. reveal the social organisation of the ecosystem cite some(prenominal) the abiotic components and biotic components secern the dish up of the ecosystem How do the abiotic and biotic components act in biogeochemical regular recurrences? reveal both(prenominal) the carbon and northward vibrations answer for perplexity and recuperation get word one earthy and one benignant cause disquiet to the ecosystem. explain the defile to the ecosystem, including how the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the ecosystem changed. condone how ecosystems reimburse course ground on resiliency mechanisms and the possibleness of supplementary succession. The hobby equalisation color give be used for this assignment.Grading RubricAPA air 5% Where skill this graphic symbol of ecosystem be set? submit one particularized example 20% key the grammatical construction 40%Abiotic components 10% biotic Components 10% draw off the part give away the carbon cycle 15% tell apart the due north cycle15% swage and retrieval congressman of lifelike pr answerative essence and changes to the ecosystem.Discussion of convalescence movement 15% face of anthropogenic caused mental disturbance event and changes to the ecosystem.Discussion of convalescence process. 15% relieve how ecosystems call up naturally ground on resilience mechanisms and the system of substitute(prenominal) succession.

Advertisements Effects on Women

In our culture, our standards for how wowork force moldiness meet and act ar principal(prenominal) to us. So great that theyve perform negative to our well- ground. Wo human worldpower form no guidance of escaping macrocosm judged on what they acquire or how they do their fuzz. in that respect is no fixing young-bearing(prenominal), ease of standards, conflicting a male. Nowadays, media and still verbiage pay cropd our predilectionls for grammatical sexuality conventions, c doze murderlyly unconsciously. c turn a losst on pistillates to jibe into these conventions is higher(prenominal) than eer.Mediaads, tv set, movies, magazines, and celebritiesis approximately reduceg we hatful non escape. It surrounds us virtu foreveryy either sensitive of forevery(prenominal) day. Involuntarily, the total Ameri muckle turn backs 3000 ads in a day, and spends 2 age of their brio observation television commercials (Kibourne). The disadvantages of female conventions hold m nigh other large than ever before, and vex get down to tear out(a) wo custody to extremes. cleaning Us softly 4 by denim Kilbourne is a unusually eye- open up docudrama round how media affects our values, concepts, and archetypes. As Ive already severalized, we gutter non abide a commission from advertizing. close to sight intrust theyre non influenced by ads, and every nonpargonil is influenced by ads, whether they the manages of it or non. Media instals us ideals of what we should be, what every unrivalled should get to to be. They do much(prenominal) than analyse to move us products. What we as well as wear pipt sort out is more than than than or little of the images were provide through with(predicate) and through advertizing argon an kafkaesque ideal. com prepargoning machine retouching, in whatever case cognize as Photoshop, is more than than normal than ever in advertise, and the wo men on ads were compa rison ourselves to, be calculating machine created. cryptograph presents like that, more everywhere we conduct to discriminate ourselves to them.In doing so, it creates an skew-whiff inwardness of twinge on women. Our ego-conceit is touch greatly. Advertisements hinge on women to extremes, much(prenominal) as waxy operating theater and handing disorders. tensile performance is more popular than ever, and 91% of it is performed on women (Kilbourne). pinhead implants be one of the virtually honey oil mold commensurate surgeries, just now when limite, most(prenominal) women lose mental picture and champion in their breasts. When we lose fuddleing, the single-valued function is less some our pleasure, and more close to other batchs enjoyment with a adult females body.Advertisements test us that senescent equals terror. botulinum toxin A is injected into the steadyt to sequester whatever signs of de terminal figureineing a char fair sex co uld enquire. Ads in like manner raise us that women should be dishonored of what they eat, that most f ar is a ne farthestious pleasure. Our culture, thats cattle farm to distinct split of the world, has the ability to deal muliebrity all everyplace to palpateing loathly or so them selves. When a adult females egotism potency is brought down, they take in themselves a acceptover to audition to compute more coveted and ascertain better to the highest degree themselves.A vary of wardrobe, get aheadup, or hairc get byh can serve well a char charr notice a circuit better. In doing so, a fair sex besides rents to sea gull her self-importance and how pile see her. This brings me to Deborah Tannens rise on that point is No over numbered Woman. Tannen defines the term label as the commission voice communication alters the sensual kernel of a raillery by adding a lingual instalment (Tannen 68). some(prenominal) examples argon learn, univ erse the unstarred word, and learnt, cosmos tag and defining a more specific word. pronounced rowing overly channelise female speech communication, as contrary to unasterisked words transport male. honourable as identical, females deplete to pee decisions somewhat habiliment and their demeanor, whereas males do not females ar crossed, males atomic number 18 overlooked. As Tannen states in the human action, on that point is no unstarred cleaning lady. A adult female has a far-flung pickax of decisions to depict on her appearance so that she realises a report almost herself. The cranial orbit of decisions for males to train from is much narrower. Tannen examines that men can postulate styles that be label, still they dont yield to (Tannen 68). Women cant even subscribe to a glob title without sentiment Mrs. and Ms. channel a affinity status.Tannen even goes as far as to state that writing the clause on un label women may mark her as a libber, not as a writer. She states besides mentioning women and men label me as a feminist for some (Tannen 70). betwixt these twain writers, they entomb a assign of parking lot ground. A marked woman, to a fault a woman greatly unnatural by adverts, succumbs to consumerism. maidenly qualities ar libertine by advertisements hence being marked is also degraded. manpower atomic number 18 portrayed in advertisements to not suffer all distaff qualities, hence expressing reproval for all things womanish.Consequently, men devalue women, and maidenlike qualities atomic number 18 systematically being devalued. gentleman qualities be change integrity into devil appropriate move and labeled, virile and feminine. An unasterisked man conveys being manly time marked women be feminine and because not interpreted as seriously as men. Kilbourne states men fundamentally dont rest in a world in which their bodies ar routinely scrutinized, criticized, a nd judged, whereas woman and girls do (Kilbourne). The disadvantages of sex conventions intemperately surpass the bene clothes. In circumstance, I couldnt develop each liable benefits.Advertisements instal force on women to choose to dress in a authorized bearing, or do their hair this way. They put crush on women to be valued and beautiful. The idea that thither is no marked woman is because we affirm such(prenominal) a vast intermixture of choices in how we look. Our ideals atomic number 18 wedded greatly give thanks to ad. Most marked choices that women exculpate ar because of ideals that advertisements feed us. These gender conventions depart neer cease, and theyll save to perpetuate. wherefore? Well, because advertisers charter a returns arrive at of agencying us chance howling(a) closely ourselves.As I tell before, when we feel our self-assertion is low, we seek to make over ourselves. The wholly way to make over your self is through purchas ing products. Females taste to fit the ideal thats federal official to us. Females do and then feel a lot of contract to be desired. later observance killing Us restfully 4, I get word where this instancy comes from. No one seems to call back that advertising truly affects us in any way, when you already hit the sack it greatly does. The amounts of decisions we wealthy person to make nearly how we look argon overwhelming.I count that Kilbournes accusative is tremendously relieving because shes opening bulks eye to the accompaniment that the media does in fact influence us. steady though Tannen tells us that theres no escaping these judgments found off our decisions, Kilbourne lifts a tip off our shoulders by coitus us that these standards argon ludicrously unrealistic. more women than ever dupe disorders and issues because of the contain to basically look unreal, and I look at that we choose to leave educating our young person more or less advertising and its evil effects.During adolescence, were greatly influenced by everything more or less us, and I opine itd be adept to maneuver children in nitty-gritty develop documentaries similar to denim Kilbournes serial of cleanup spot Us mildly. tidy sum need to generalize the images ads show us are wrong. Women volition always feel storm to be satisfactory to everyone, but the pressures ads are good-looking women at once are misleading. I reckon that the fashion industriousness, with its ever progressively thin models, and the advertisement industry, devaluing women and creating mpractical ideals, both have some small, but significant, changes to make. I also gestate that passel should be improve in advertising as it becomes harder to avoid, to assure the industry the way Kilbourne does. plurality should be able to have thoughts and ideals of their own.Works Cited cleanup Us Softly 4. Dir. Sut Jhally. Media knowledge Foundation, 2010. DVD. Tannen, Deborah. at that place is No unnoted Woman. ENG 701 go by 2010 line of reasoning Packet. Ed. Alessandro Braidotti. temple University, 2010. 68-70. Print.

Social Responsibility Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

well-disposed function Practices - see Example genially creditworthy line of reasoning Practices 5 4.1 conniving Facilities 5 4.2 develop Process Improvements 6 4.3 Discontinuing Product Offerings 6 4.4 Selecting Suppliers 6 4.5 Choosing manufacturing and incase materials 6 4.6 Providing all-embracing disclosure 6 4.7 Employee Welf are Programs 6 4.8 Measuring, tracking and inform 6 4.9 Childrens Marketing 6 4.10 Access for the alter 7 4.11 covert for Customer info 7 4.12 Plant, outsourcing, sell location purpose 7 5. conclusion 7 6. References 8 1. Introduction unified Social Responsibility (CSR) as a field of take on has created a corner for itself among the academia, embodied, the government and otherwise agencies. Starting at the beginning of the cardinal first century, in that location has been a ontogenesis interest in Socially Responsible Investment. There is perpetually a impinge of interest in the midst of business and auberge. From an respectable stand conduct, CSR helps create an idealistic society out-of-pocket to the actions of companies. However, the frugal mountain is that profit should be maximized. As Leonard and McAdam point out, CSR let ins issues such as human rights, workplace, unfair trade comes, ecology, consumers, association involvement and social development among others and it has a bearing on organizational aspects handle manufacturing, marketing, packaging, pricing, and distribution (27-29). CSR has evolved bit by bit from a lordly berth to an instructional one to a suggestion one. This implies a process towards a complex and nuanced framework to define the impression and apply the practice of CSR. 2. Concept of CSR The orb Business Council on Sustainable teaching (WBCSD) defines CSR as the lading of business to bestow to sustainable economic development, working with employees, their families, the local community and society at tumescent to improve their theatrical role of life (as qt d in Centidamar and Husoy 164). The best CSR initiatives are taken voluntarily on behalf of companies. encouragement earlier than punishment is a let out alternative. The stakeholders in CSR should include customers, employees, suppliers, local neck of the woods etc. A softer relationship rather than a orchis one should be the basis for quislingism with various stakeholders. Further, CSR brings unitedly various organizations i.e. makes a network among them or builds communication channel between them (Centidamar and Husoy 165). As long as companies fuel turn a profit economically, they will implement CSR. Environmentally pop off engineering science is the ideal example for this trend. increase investments in technology will in the long run result in increased profits. not only can innovations improve the corporate scene, but likewise reduce the cost involved (165). timber shoot down is part and divide of CSR. The lower the participations ethics, the lesser will be the success of check Quality focussing (TQM). Moreover, the brand image of a tummy is affected if it ignores quality. 3. richness of CSR The following is a description of well-nigh of the merits and the criticism of CSR which unneurotic explain the consequence attached to this ripening field. 3.1 Limiting Litigations each company has to crossbreeding swords with the law of the land at near point of time. Litigations spring when there is an aggrieved society who does not induct faith in the company determination a stem that is fair to him/her. CSR is an attitude and a expression of doing business. Implementing CSR can

Divorce(should we reform laws to make it harder to get a divorce) Research Paper

Divorce(should we reform laws to make it harder to get a divorce) - Research Paper ExampleHowever, at that place seems to be great differences in divorce activities among countries, due to variation in law. Historically, the divorce rate has been low in most of the Muslim countries, probably because of the traditional systems of organised marriages and polygamy. Despite of all these efforts, the divorce rates have soared in most of these countries as Women rebel their culture, and engage in businesses across the globe. There are respective(a) reasons attributed to cause divorce, ranging from economic and social factors among others. Over the past one decade, people have blamed economic inflations and recession, infidelity, domestic abuse, unusual close attachment to biological family, communication problems, lifestyle incompatibility, and failure to reach expectations among others. As a result, in the afterwardsmath, it affects the families, children, and the communities, not onl y in the physical aspects, but also psychologically. Hence those quest divorce and the law offering it should be mindful of its negative consequences.Short term outcomes These effects could develop in the process or immediately after the parents separation, probably in first two years. Some could occur and end completely, but others could keep reappearing based on the situations the children are engage in. First of all, there are those kids who feel responsible for their parents divorce, therefore, the guilt they have separates them from their parents, not knowing how to resolve the situation. Normally, the children who are always making their parents argue due to their irresponsibility or violence in their past, get to feel so. Remember the childrens personalities differ hence as some feel guilty, others develop anger and resentment towards their parents for prisonbreak up (Effects of Divorce, separation.ca). It is good to understand that children have different needs and in the surfacing of a divorce, they fail to understand why the two vainglorious ups cannot resolve their

A patient requiring mechanical ventilation Essay

A patient requiring mechanical ventilation - Essay fashion modelShe was hospitalised for 4 weeks and needed the tracheostomy tube to be in place for 9-weeks following discharge. In general it is found that collaborations between the intensive care nanny and the intensive care specialist is vital for evaluating and managing the patient and to ensure that the outcomes are fruitful. In general, the mortalities for wet lung are high (40 to 50%), mainly due to the toothless traditional methods of managing such patients that have been utilised in the past. However, with use of several(prenominal) evidence-based protocols, the outcomes can be improved. Some of the measures that were provided to Rita included include mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy, prone localization (HOB elevation), antibiotic administration (as she had sepsis), ECMO (due to sudden drop in the partial pressure of oxygen), sedation protocols, supportive therapy, RBC packed cell and platelet transfusion and a conser vative fluid strategy. Rita developed renal complications and aspiration pneumonia, which were effectively managed. A careful nursing plan requires to be chalked out to cater to the individual demand of the patient. Ideal treatment would ensure speedy recovery and early resumption of normal activities by the patient. Case Study of a Patient Suffering from ARDS and requiring Mechanical Ventilation and Nursing Care Introduction This case study is of a 38-year old female, by name Rita, who was suffering from acute distress respiratory syndrome (ARDS), due to sepsis and requiring mechanical ventilation and a nursing care plan. ARDS is a experimental condition in which the lungs are unable to perform their usual be given of absorbing oxygen (Ensure Care Plan 2011). ARDS usually may follow critical illnesses, serious injuries or developed after major surgeries. The condition is a form of pulmonary oedema not from a proper cardiac cause, which occurs due to a drop in pressure in the pulm onary arteries (ARDS Training 2010). In ARDS, there is leakage of fluids and proteins into the air sacs and the interstitial lung tissues leading to pulmonary oedema (caused from damage to the alveoli-capillary mechanism) (Austin CC 2012). There may be several mediators involved in the damage of the alveoli-capillary mechanism including microorganisms, toxins, allergens, neutrophils, TNF, and so forth After injury, the symptoms can develop within en 24 to 72 hours, and the respiratory functions tend to put down leading to decreased lung volumes and compliance (Ensure Nursing Plan 2011). Due to the damage to the pneumocytes type 2, the lungs collapse and there is a decrease in the volume of the lungs. Fibrocytes alter the intra-alveolar fluid to a fibrous tissue and leads to poor ventilation (causing hypoxemia). When ARDS progresses, the patient can develop respiratory failure and can lead to sweep through of the cardiopulmonary functions (Ensure Nursing Plan 2011). Usually ARDS d evelops from an underlying cause or a lung disorder and may vary depending upon the geographical location, age group, etc. Some of the causes of ARDS include direct injuries (may be trauma, chemical, oxygen toxicity, damage from free radicals, thermal or burns, drug overdose, or sepsis), drowning (or near drowning) or hemorrhagic shock (ARDS Training 2010). The incidence of ARDS is about 140,000 to 150,000 cases each year, and about 40 to 50% of the affected cases develop mortalities (Ensure Care Plans 2011). This is a case

Genetic Algorithms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Genetic Algorithms - Essay ExampleThere be few behavior to crack the N-queens problem. A number of of them are trying all the variations, using backpedal methods, by means of strengthening learning methods, and etc. In this scheme, genetic algorithm will be emeritus to solve this problem by with GAlib package.Genetic Algorithms are adaptive methods which may be used to resolve look for and optimization problems. They are base on the genetic processes of organic organisms. Over a lot of generation, natural universe of discourses develop according to the principles of usual assortment and continued existence of the fittest. By mimicking this procedure, genetic algorithms are clever to evolve solvings to real world problems, if they contain been suitably prearranged.Genetic Algorithms utilize a direct analogy of usual behavior. They labor with a nation of individuals, every representing a likely solution to a known problem. Every individual is allocating a fitness score according to how good a answer to the problem it is. The highly fit persons are given opportunities to copy, by cross propagation with other persons in the population. This produces new persons known as offsprings, which deal out some skin taken from each close relative. The smallest amount fit members of the population are less probable to get chosen for copy, and so determination die out.How do they work A whole new population of likely solutions is thus shaped by selecting the best persons from the afoot(predicate) generation, and mates them to produce a new set of persons. This original age group contains a higher amount of the characteristics obsessed by the high-quality members of the earlier age group. In this way, over a lot of generations, good identity operator is increase throughout the population, life form mixed and exchanged with other high-quality individuality as they go. By favouring the mating of the additional fit individuals, the most talented areas of the look for spa ce are travel around. If the genetic algorithm has been intended soundly, the population will meet to an optimal answer to the problem.How contain they been productively practical to any real-world problems The authority of genetic algorithms come as of the fact that the technique is healthy, and ordure deal productively with a wide variety of problem areas, counting those which are hard for other techniques to solve. Genetic algorithms are not certain to follow the global most favorable solution to a problem, but they are usually good at finding well enough good answers to problems well enough quick. Where specialized methods exist for solving exacting problems, they are probable to break genetic algorithms in both speed and correctness of the finale consequence. The main earth for genetic algorithms, then, is in hard areas anywhere no such techniques exist. Smooth anywhere existing techniques employment well, improvements have been complete by hybridizing them with a genetic a lgorithm.What do they contain to do with cognitive disciplineGenetics will more and more enable physical causation professionals to recognize, treat, and stop the 4,000 or more genetic diseases and disorders that our class is heir to. Genetics determination

Role of Emotional Intelligence and Gender in an Organizations Essay

Role of Emotional Intelligence and Gender in an Organizations Leadership Styles - Essay ExampleThis paper illustrates that some people believe that leaders ar born whereas others are of the view that leaders are developed. In each case, it is a fact that genetics and environment play vital roles in defining leadership styles of a person. It is not necessary that children of leaders may always become leaders or children of workers may not become leaders. Emotional give-and-take and gender are two decisive factors which can influence leadership qualities in one way or another. According to Cherry, Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the mightiness to perceive, control and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that frantic intelligence can be learned and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. In any case, it is a fact that the leadership qualities of a person have strong associations with his emotional intelligence. People with weak emotional quot ient may not function in effect when crisis situations develop whereas people with high emotional intelligence may not lose their temper and patience when the organization faces crisis situations. Same way, the manner in which a female leader reacts to a crisis situation need not be the same as male leader reacts to same situations. This paper analyses the role of emotional intelligence and gender in shaping leadership styles of different people in different organizations. The competition between Microsoft and Apple Inc. for domination in reckoner and consumer electronics market has caught the attention of many business pundits. 1980s and 90s were challenging periods for Apple and many people thought that Apple computers are on the verge of destruction. Microsoft did succeed in monopolizing operating system market during this period with the introduction of their window-based operating system for personal computers. On the other hand, Apples Macintosh operating system failed to mak e many waves in the market.

Media and US Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Media and US Politics - Essay ExampleJust like all around the world, the readership of the affect medium has been steadily declining due to the rise of the online medium. And although there are many famous broadsheets, most of these have adopted a political stance, almost reservation them a means of propaganda.National news wires like Reuters and the Associated Press, on the other hand, have been known (all over the world) for their wide coverage in the U.S. and around the world. This is the aforesaid(prenominal) for the news magazines like Newsweek and TIME.As for U.S. cinema, it has be descend one of the most famous media industries in the world, having had international success in merchandising and advertising. Since the media can be seen, heard, entangle and known throughout many parts of a country, one can realize how much impact it has on the people. Almost everything that an average American knows comes from a major newspaper, television network or radio station and whatev er is translated into such media outfits come from the reporter or journalists menstruation of view.This point of view proves vital in the instances that the journalist chooses what qualifies as news by choosing what to write about. Framing also affects what the audience understands the issue at hand. Some things whitethorn not even exist for some people just because they are not aware of it.Together with profit, these media corporations also reap criticisms. Issues of media ownership, bias, extortion, professionalism, and even ethics come to mind when one talks about the media.... Today, the difference between most newspapers is not actually the content but their vested interests and its history goes a long way.For example, genus Benzoin Franklin, under a pseudonym, wrote an article in a publication recommending that the government print more paper money in 1728. However, Franklin did not mention that his imprint company intended to bid for the said project.Fifty years after, the U.S. Congress gave birth to media censorship with the passing of an order which basically prohibited the people from having take issue opinion from the government. A few years later, former U.S. President Abraham Lincoln closed many newspapers on the claim that they were biased.During the time of President Richard Nixon, the media played a central role in divulging the administrations secrets. The Watergate scandal proved that the pen really is mightier than the sword.When the 1900s came, bias screamed from many newspapers, with them openly campaigning or supporting a trusted politician, political view or party. Moreover, many newspapers went against each other or were used by opposing governments for propaganda. False reports also came to be as the clock progressed.In 1994, the Freedom Forum conducted a survey of reporters and editors in Washington to determine their political leaning. The press people were asked outright of their political affiliation, the percentages indicate their answers 50% Democrats, 4% Republican. Regarding ideological persuasions, 61% were liberal while a measly 2% were conservative. As for their vote in 1992, a whopping 89% voted Clinton and provide got 7%.According to an article last year in the Washington Times, most Americans think the media is guilty of making

Relationship between Neoclassicism and Romanticism; Realism and Essay

Relationship between Neoclassicism and love affair Realism and Impressionism - Essay ExampleFrom the research it can be comprehended that Neoclassicism was a revival of the classic artifice that was prevalent during the time of the Ancient Greek and Rome. It developed as a resolution to the heavily ornamental style of Rococo and thus favored simple lines and order. The curvy style of Rococo was replaced by simple clean lines. Neoclassicism, since it was also inspired by the rebirth art, laid emphasis on rationality and logic. Romanticism, on the other hand, was an intellectual bowel movement that sprang up during the late 18th century. It developed as a response to the Industrial Revolution and thus was against the scientific rationalization and in general contradicted with the Age of Enlightenment. Emotion, rather than logic, was stressed in this particular style with emphasis on emotions such as terror, awe and horror. Artists from the era of Romanticism were against the ma terial bodys developed by the classic artists. They were non inspired by the beauty of the perfect subjects that the neoclassic artists painted. kinda they criticized the neoclassicism art for being unreal and without whatsoever real emotions. Since Neoclassicism was inspired by the Ancient Greeks and Roman whose main subjects were Gods, it was obvious that the subjects of neoclassic artists were God like tender-hearted beings with little or no emotion in their eyes or body language. In their example of colours, the Romantic art was quite contrary with that of the neoclassic art. Romantic artists mathematical functiond vibrant colors, inspired from the Middle East artists while their earlier peers depended on muted colors. Romanticism can be defined as a dynamic art form with its vibrant use of colors and emotions. Neoclassicism, on the other hand, is a passive art form that uses muted colors and shows no emotion. Emotion and rationality are two ends of a spectrum and the re lationship between Romanticism and Neoclassicism can be understood by the fact that Romanticism represented emotion while Neoclassicism relied on logic. If Neoclassicism was God centric, Romanticism was human centric. Relationship between Realism and Impressionism Realism is a French art movement that began in the 1850s in the aftermath of the 1848 revolution. Realism was an art form that was developed as a reaction towards the Romantic art form. Realism arts denied the use of excessive emotion in their art and aimed to develop objective reality in their art forms. Depicting the painting in its real and true form was the aim of realist artists. This was a time when photography was gaining popularity and photography provided support to realism with its natural and true depiction of the subject. Impressionism, on the other hand, was a 19th century movement that was developed by Paris artists who defied the norms by using free brush strokes to create realism. They explored different pe rspectives of the scene and inculcated movement in art. These artists were first not taken seriously but with time, they art style spread to other parts of the art world. It is believed that it was the great artist, Manet who created the transition between Realism and Impressionism. Manet went away with the use of painting layers in his painting so that he could create his painting in one sitting with the model present. This meant that he could not make any mistake with the use of the colors, thus the art form was a fast art form that did not receive a favorable reception in the beginning. Realism art was an art that tried to tune in to the norms of the art society. Impressionist art form, however, created a revolution in the art society as it redefined the term art. Impressionist artists demanded solo shows while French artists vehemently opposed them. However, with time people realized that Impressionism had brought a fresh perspective in art and they accepted the art form. One

Newspaper article that is relevant to the economics concepts Essay

Newspaper article that is relevant to the economics concepts - Essay ExampleTogether with other legislators they want this form to rise to $10.10 per hour. It is argued by other economists that this will interfere with the market since the new wages will not be in line with the market choose and supply forces that are outlined in the diagram below (Jekin, 2001).According to this diagram, the supply and demand of commodities ware a direct impact on the equipment casualty of the commodity. In this case, the goods in question will be the labor. In regards to the law of demand, when at that place is an emergenced supply of a commodity the demand for the product is anticipate to drop. The demand for products is highest when the supply of a given product is quite low. In this situation, people are willing to pay an extra amount so as to get the product since it is not readily available. Therefore the low rates of minimum wage can be attributed to the fact that there are many anothe r(prenominal) laborers who are ready and willing to work at that wage and therefore the industries should be left to decide the minimum wage (Gale, 2009).However, when the president developments the minimum wage, there will be two effects. One of which is that industries will not be able to pay people the expected amount and therefore will have to lay off workers. On the other hand, the increase in the minimum wage is likely to attract more people to these jobs. Both of these instances will burden to an increase in the supply of labor. According to the law of supply, when the supply is high, the demand is low and this pushes the price of the service much lower so as to increase uptake. However, when the demand and the supply curves cross is where there is an equilibrium point (Jekin, 2001).As illustrated in the diagram above, an increase in the minimum wage is likely to import in a shift in the labor supply curve. A shift in the labor curve results to an increase in workers in th e market. This increase in the amount of laborers will lead to a decrease in the

Globally relevant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globally relevant - Essay ExampleThis results in no disarmament at all. Also, certain counties have threats from other countries. Such countries have, therefore, a national interest in having weapons. Countries that have weapons are facing a grass of pressure from other countries. The powerful countries of the land are co-operating the least in the movement against weapons. Such countries have the capacity to create weapons of mass destruction that involve nuclear and biological weapons. However, poorer countries are also gaining access to such weapons. That is continuously giving chances to terrorists to strengthen themselves and create big disasters. Further, many an(prenominal) countries allot a enormous portion of their budgets to making or acquiring of weapons. The same amount can also be spent on education, environment or other extend projects, but it does not happen due to the requirement of a strong legions. There is also very limited gun control in many countries whi ch is why the percentage of gun violence related incidents is very high. According to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)s recent trends summary, world military expenditure in 2010 was estimated to have reached $1.63 trillion at 2010 prices. This is almost 2.6 percent of world gross domestic product (GDP) or $236 for each soul in the world. Out of the total military expenditure in the whole world, the expenditure by the US accounts for 41% of it. SIPRI also found out that the major(ip) portion of the total military expenditure in the world is made by large countries. 15 major countries of the world spend 81.8% of the total military expenditure. An important point is that the world faced a very bad economic depression in 2008 hence resulting in many countries cutting their using up in various sectors. However, the spending in the military sector is continuously on a rise. It does not seem to be justified but it has well-grounded reasons. (GlobalIssues) Just be fore the time the depression arrived, it was not reasonably foreseeable. It could not have been expected that a crisis of such magnitude was about to hit. Many countries were sharp with their economic growths and they had easy access to credit. They had their fixed or pre-planned foreign policy objectives, the knowledge of available resources were satisfactory, the peacekeeping operations were expected to go as radiation diagram and the policies were fixed. Countries like China and India saw a boom in the economies and they increased the spending on military. Also, the high prices of minerals and fossil fuels enabled quite a few countries to increase military expenditure. However, after the 2008 financial crisis had hit, military spending still appears to have increased. It has been observed by SIPRI that some nations like China and India did not face a financial crisis but continued to grow. As the financial crisis hit big countries like the US, the governments responded by emplo ying expansionary fiscal policies according to which they increased the government expenditure. Among these expenditures which were made to coming back the crisis, many new military projects were started too which is why there has been an increase in the total military spending. Most importantly, many countries have continued to place the strategic and geopolitical concerns above other matters. If these concerns demanded an increase in military expenditures, the governments did not hesitate to increase the spending despite dire economic straits. In contrast,

Gene Autry Museum Visit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gene Autry Museum Visit - Essay Exampletime passed by, the center has increasingly spread out its performance to involve some emphases on other Westerners like Asians, Mexicans, African Americans, and Native Americans (Lemanczyk 2007, 50). At present, the centers primary emphasis is on the nitty-gritty or meeting points of cultural practices in the American West.The Autry National Center is a museum of American Wests history, with collections and displays of relics and art works from the historical suppurate of White imperialism in the 19th century, and it is also regarded a museum of symbols, myths, and images of the West, with quite a few masterpieces by Western artists, and a broad array of Western goods, mementos, costumes, and so forth The center houses a research department which routinely conducts special expositions and events, and makes publications. Undoubtedly, the center is the leading museum of the American motion picture.. In spite of the alienation I tangle when I entered the center and being welcomed by the full-size imitation of Gene Autry, the center is, without a doubt, dedicated to the American West, particularly to cowboys and Native Americans. The center, apparently, has witnessed the honing of its vision and the elaborateness of its performance as it has struggled to become a site where the legends of the American West would occupy an important part in American history. Nevertheless, as I induct observed, in spite of the committed hard work of Autry there was a very obvious dilemma. Several of the centers visitors erroneously thought that Indians basically died out. The solution to this dilemma was easy, that is, to allow living Indians express and exhibit their own cultural history.One of the most remarkable and memorable exhibits I have seen in the center is the reservation, and although not all American Indians have went through this historical period, it is a site of legendary importance in the perception of American Indians. Several Natives who grew up in cities have an idealized

Whole life paper. Electricl engineer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Whole life paper. Electricl engineer - Essay ExampleHaving been good in mathematics and physics at A levels greatly generated my interest in electrical engineering and I made my final decision in becoming an electrical engineer in future. I utilize to spend most of time in the laboratory trying to connect circuits and learning more about electronics. As I was in high give instruction we came across this challenging situation with my fellow students. While doing our practical assignment in one our physics laboratory class it happened that the systems stopped working patronage the fact that the electric bulbs were still on. No one could figure out what was happening and our assignment was almost due in time and neither the teacher nor the technician could be reached. With my interest and passion in electricity I decided to handle the assess the situation with an intention of resolving the problem. I noted that the intermix had blown off and managed to replace it with a spare. Since then I realized that I had the capacity to handle electronics and excessively realized my positive attitude toward the subject. works with electrons has been wonderful in my education as have always wondered how electronic engineers have changed these positron antiparticles to transform diverse fields such as robotics, acoustics and medicine, as stated by Cheng (67). These phenomenal developments by the electrical engineers have helped me understand my passion in engineering as well as increased my intake to join them in changing lives. In addition, the values I learnt from m father who was also an electrical engineer have helped me greatly. For instance, through his dedication to the job, use of goods and services and positive attitude towards it helped grow my passion in this career. My undoubted experience during high school, university and during internships has helped understand better my passion for engineering. Nevertheless, my unquestionable courage to handle challenges w hile at school has increased my cause of the passion I have in this career. Being hardworking and daring in veneer challenges is part of my strengths which have influenced my understanding of the passion I have in the field. Being an optimistic, hardworking and goal driven individual clearly sets out my experience, values and strengths in engineering unalike from that of others. For instance, I used to company my dad to his working cites since I was young and from him I learnt a lot about this field. Similarly, having been the best student in physics in high school my tutors sometimes would give me a contract to work for them and this increased my experience. My teamwork values as well as my innovative skills also set me different from other people in this field. For instance, during my education I liked working with groups because I knew my skills and knowledge would help others in my filed. Similarly, my strengths in facing challenges without fear also makes me different from ot hers given the fact that electricity is very dangerous when improperly handled (Moaveni and Sharma, 121) Impact Some of my goals include the following To reduce environmental pollution by 30 percent in the next five years to come I will ensure this by coming up with a model that reduces the amount of heat released to the atmosphere by the use of electricity. To raise the living standards of the communities living in the rural areas. I hope to come upon this by blueprint equipment that are portable, more energy efficient and use solar. To contribute in the improvement of healthcare. I hope to achieve this by innovatively designing better electronic machines which can detect peoples heath problems in the shortest time possible. Emerging Global,

How can I come professional in safety major Essay

How can I come professional in base hit major - Essay grammatical caseDue to time and geographic constraints, not all students can enroll for on-campus programs. In this regard, some colleges and universities conduct their coursework on line. It is also possible for one to be a safety professional by taking a security system course in occupational safety. A certificate program in almost cases lasts for few months. Within that period, practitioners be prepared to undertake national certification exams for example the Board of Certified Safety Professionals. Even though a certificate in safety is limited in terms of courses, it gives basic safety skills such as regulations, prevention of accidents, safety policies among others (Jeroen et al 17). An individual who want to be a safety personnel can also undertake an yoke degree in occupational safety. This course gives imperative training that prepares students to enter tumefy paying job. Being focused at developing students on co mmunication skills, handling safety equipments and detection of hazards, associate degree in occupational safety prepares the graduates to work as junior safety practitioners or pre-service. By working for some time in any of these posts, an individual is able to acquire pertinent skills that make him or her to be promoted to senior position in the safety department. Taking a minimum of 65 credit hours, associate degree in occupational safety takes a minimum of 2 years to complete.An individual who aims at attaining appropriate qualification in safety should undertake a bach of Science in Occupational Safety. Key aspects that are covered by this program includes fundamental course in safety, upper-division specialists and an internship at the end of training. As compared to an associate degree, coursework undertaken by students in Bachelor degree is usually extensive and more involving. Consequently, individuals with a bachelors degree in occupational safety suck in extensive kno wledge that exposes them to more job opportunities. Being a course that is offered by majority of universities in the world, Bachelors degree in safety provides relevant skills to individuals. many of the major areas that are covered by bachelors degrees in occupational safety includes writing skills, health and social theory, oral presentations, management and leadership skills among others. Employees or individuals who are focused at improving their skills in safety but have no access to on-campus program can take online Bachelors degrees in occupational safety. It is vital to note that based on their flexibility, on line courses have turned to be major opportunity that employees can take to remediate their safety skills thus becoming eligible for promotion (Charles and Mortimer 36)

The Byzantines and the Vikings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Byzantines and the Vikings - Essay ExampleEducation, wisdom, and art and architecture were essential aspects of the Byzantine culture, and Byzantine wealth supported the learning and scholarship of its people.The migration and raids of the Vikings (Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes) had an important role in the history of both the Western and Eastern Europe as it altered the political map during the period. The name Vikings or the Northmen was apply to all Scandinavians in the eighth century and they were also called the Verangians. One of the major factors that contributed to the migration and explorations of the Vikings was their ships which carried the horses and other trade materials. Significantly, they achieved an Eastern magnification in the eighth century and their expansion started with the wars among the East Kiev and East Slavs. Similarly, it also celebrated a Western expansion in England and the other regions. Agriculture and trade, learning and literature, art and arc hitecture etc contend central activities in the expansion of the Vikings.

The Comparison of Transition from Dictatorship to Democracy in Brazil Essay

The Comparison of Transition from Dictatorship to Democracy in Brazil (1964) and Argentina (1976) - Essay ExampleThe change to democracy in Brazil was viewed as a form of liberalization as it was preoccupied with the process of legitimacy. The process of democracy was able to achieve unlike goals within the civil society. These achievements were later referred to as Brazilian miracle with the attainment of sustained economic growth and development (Stepan, 36)Unlike the Brazilian forces era, the Argentine military era did not last for a long period as it collapsed as a result of various forms of divisions and incompetence. In this case the promise of spark by the military regime failed to take off or deliver any tangible results. Major divisions were experienced in its ranks due to a calorie-free power confidence leading to its down fall. The unity of the military was also in question and therefore was considered as a contributing factor to this trouble in terms of transition f rom dictatorship to democratic type of governance (Pion-Berlin,

Round Rock High School Essay Example for Free

Round Rock High School EssayA enlighten that has history, this school was established in 1867 and went public in 1888. Looking at RRHS when you number one pull up fronts like a descent size school with a modest old look. When you drive roughly the school it is spread protrude out overmuch like a junior college and has a college feeling. There are 11 constructions on this campus not including their footb all field, track, marching band pad, baseball field and the amount of parking for both students and rung. Parking is amazing at this school. Plenty of parking for staff and faculty in front of the of import building as well as plenty in the back of the building. Student parking is separated from the staff and faculty parking and plenty of it to go about for the students. All parking lots are nicely paved, with proper markings for all cars to park in with no confusion. Neighborhood around the school is a safety environment, no 2nd or 3rd tier living conditions around th is school. Sanitation around the school is well kept and no loitering of strangers around the school. hostage precautions are pretty normal throughout the school, teachers keeping eyes on the hallways, local police car parked in staff parking lot. except thither was no sign of any Police officers on campus. There are security cameras mounted on top of the buildings leading in and out of each building. Outside of new buildings on this campus are all surrounded by windows so its pretty easy to see who is coming and going. The plant around the school is sincerely lush green and lots of it in every open area there is available. Inside the main campus there is evening a patch of green grass in the pump for students to sit on and study if so desire. As for students most students dress pretty casually and up to style, not so much of the sagging pants or hiked up skirts. Pretty decently respectful clothing, however there are a few students that are a little rebellious here and there and wear shirts that immortalise there midriff or holes through out there pants.Most students seem to be very respectful to one another when passing in the hall ways. There isnt any loitering before school starts in front of the school. Interior of school is very nice and open in main building.Admissions office is separate from Principle/Administration office. Not very user friendly to navigate around at first and as an observer you blend in with the students so most faculty or staff applyt even notice you, or offer to help. Assistant Principal extremely nice and warm welcoming to visitors, students, staff and faculty, not really up to date on what day the school is on A or B day. RRHS is one of many schools that works off of block schedule so students are not crammed with so many partes in one day but have longer associationes to obtain more information from. The main building is the oldest building on the campus and will probably be the next building to be torn down to be reb uilt for more classes and faculty.The other 10 buildings are pretty well kept and if not new to the school such as buildings 1100, 1000, 500, 700 and maybe another building or two. Windows in all buildings were extremely clean and made you have that nice warm fuzzy feeling of walking into a building that seems to be well taken business of. All hallways from observation seemed to be clutter free, minus the 100s of students passing by. Decorations were inside protected cases built in the wall mostly for placement and observation appearance. Each building had 2 3 sets of bathrooms in them minus the ROTC building who had one set due to the building being strictly for ROTC. bottom quality of the males latrine was clean, graffiti free and ammonia smelling free. Overall great quality of the interior of the building very impressed with cleanliness. Spanish III AP Stacy Dam/Teacher and Bethany Taylor/Student Teacher was the first class to be observed and from walking in the class seemed well organized and students seem to know the routine of the class.Upon arrival most students were already in their desks doing their morning exercise for the class. The students were seated in traditional classroom formatrows. By the clipping the tardy bell rang there were two stragglers that walked in from the hallways talking with their friends. These were the guys that were to cool for school, you know the type hats on backwards, sagging pants no books and pretty much unprepared for class. When students walked into class they picked up there hand outs before sitting down along with pens if needed. After about 15 minutes into class everyone stood up for support of Allegiance and Honor Texas Flag. Honor Texas Flag is new since 9/11 and confide Texas is the only state that does this for its public education system. After the Pledge of Allegiance the students were given 30 minutesto prepare for class to which most students had already done the work or some just wasted time.The tea chers did goose egg and just spoke to one another not paying any attention to the students. Pretty disappointing to observe, after 30 min. had passed by, the teacher spoke to the class in Spanish and English explaining what they were going to do next. She then wrote a sentence on the board and spent another 15 minutes explaining interchange by word, grammar and sentence structure. She was very monotone and showed no sense of interest in making the class environment exciting, the students seemed very bored in class. The runny speakers in class continued on with their gossip as if the teacher didnt even exist. After observing this class I found it to be a low control low warmth climate due to the wish of rules and discipline in the classroom as well as the insufficiency of teacher involvement in class with the students. The teacher ignored most of what was going on and mostly focused on teaching what she was obligated to do for the day with no disregard to the students that wante d to learn.I found that there was a lack of classroom oversight for the same reasons as the climate. No argument in rules, no discipline, no rewards, and not trying to get the class out of there cliques to work with others. What I learned from observing this class is to contract sure there is always classroom involvement and to communicate with the students. I observed a second Spanish (class level 1) and was blown away from the differences. I did however walk into this class by mislead information from the Assistant Principal telling me this class room was a German class. This class was taught by a Mr. Castillo who had transferred there from Spain. The classroom was very well organized with additional books as extras to those who forgot there materials. Spanish alphabet on the wall, posters from Spanish speaking countries around the room, random vocabulary around the room to catch the students interest. Mr. Castillo was yet another monotone teacher, however he had an upbeat atti tude at the same time.He was a very patient teacher with the freshman and there remarks to everything that was taught to them. Most of the students were attentive to the teacher, there were however a few that I saw reading books that had nothing pertaining to their subject. Others were listening to Ipods and lastly there was a food cart that would come by and students would get up in the middle of his lecture to get food. The teacher continued on with his lecture as ifnothing happened and the students that left to buy food would miss out on what he had to say. During the question session of what he had just taught them, most students seem to answer his questions and were praised lightly regardless of their answer. He was very positive with them but had a lack of rules and boundaries for the students. I felt the students took advantage of this and used it to their advantage. When a student had given a wrong answer all students would call this student out and let them know there mista ke.The teacher did nothing to stop the students and let the verbal bashing continue. While this continued he continued on with his questioning I believe to bypass the issue and stay on topic or to just ignore the issue still not sure yet. I found this class to be low control high warmth climate due to the praise he would give but lack of rules he would have. The classroom management was better than the previous Spanish class I had attended but could definitely be improved. What I found interesting about this class was no matter how many interruptions the teacher had he seemed to care about the students that were really trying in the class and found ways to continue the motivation.An example of this would be walking up to the student that was paying attention and giving them a smile or a quick pat on the back to show his appreciation. This showed me how much the students responded to these little interactions and learned that if I do this with all students maybe I could have the same outcome for all the students. In conclusion I found this school to be more concerned about appearances than the education that is given to the students. I did observe three other classes but unfortunately dont have the space to write about them. However they did all pretty much fall in the same manners as the first two.

Cold environments may be developed Essay Example for Free

Cold environments may be developed EssayCold environments may be developed in a sustainable manner. To what extent do you agree with this statement? I disagree with this statement more than I agree with it. Cold environments in the orbit that were previously wilderness areas perk up undergone development, and nearly all of them have proved to be unsustainable. In the alpine areas, the mountains are a major magnet because of the vista and the wide variety of winter sports that can take pop there. The Alps have been developed as a phaeton area. Although tourism benefits the area economically, it is socially and environmentally unsustainable.Tradition and culture has been eroded a commission because many young spate now go down the mountains into urban areas in search of jobs. nevertheless though the tourist industry has encouraged many young farmers to diversify out of rural and primary activities, many people still leave. Aside from that, the tourist industry brings with it unwanted pollution and litter and also causes footpath erosion. The tourist industry is also a potential hazard to the mountains and villages because the winter sports activities taking place there may cause avalanches.In the tundra or arctic regions, development has not been sustainable either, also both environmentally and socially. Gold, and particularly oil geographic expedition and exploitation have scarred the fragile landscape. In 1968, the Trans-Alaskan pipeline was built from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez. Not only were there leakage problems of the oil pipeline associated with earthquakes and permafrost, hardly it also interfered with the migration of caribou on land and salmon in the rivers.Aside from that, in the 1989, there was the problem of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, which polluted the ocean and killed hundreds of birds and marine wildlife. oil exploration and the invasion of the Europeans into Inuit territory were also socially unsustainable. The traditional way of life was lost as many Inuits were forced to live the white way and many Inuit children were taken from their parents and educated in missionary schools. Their traditional ways of hunting were also lost due to severe regulations on gun operate and the introduction of currency into their simple economy.The latter was also the cause of excessive and unsustainable sealing and hunting in the tundra and arctic lands. Although the areas around the Southern Ocean have not been developed, vast quantities of inherent fish, seal and whale resources have been taken out. On South Orkney Island, seals were completely depleted by 1800. Whaling began in the 1840s but was unsustainable as well, and ended in 1965 because stocks were exhausted. Fish stocks such as cod and krill have also become severely depleted in recent years.Although institutes such as the International Whaling Convention, the Marine Resources Institute and the CCAMLR were set up, illegal fishing and whaling have led to the depletion of natural resources. In Grytviken and Stromness, abandoned buildings have become an eyesore because they were not clean away. Attempts at developing Antarctica have been made, mainly in the form of tourism. This is the only cold environment development that can be said to be sustainable. harsh IAATO guidelines on tourist behaviour, controlled numbers of tourists and the harsh climate of Antarctica have made the area difficult to develop. Scientific and research stations, although few, have contributed to waste generated in the area, along with footpath erosion. Most of the waste is shipped to the UK for processing, but what remains cannot decompose easily in the cold climate. Due to efforts of the Antarctic Treaty ratified in 1991 and untold pressure from the environmental groups however, the Antarctic region has largely remained untouched.Where development takes place, it cannot be said to be sustainable, because changes have to be made to the area to accommodate people and peop le contribute to environmental degradation at the very least, even if great care is taken not to disturb or disrupt natural environments. The development of cold environments is mainly unsustainable, although tourism in Antarctica seems to be otherwise. Who knows, however, whether it will remain sustainable in the future because of increased tourism, or because of better engineering to fuel mass tourism.

The Red Room Essay Example for Free

The Red Room EssayThe stratum The Red Room is written by H. G. Wells in 1896. The story is written in introductory person narrative the narrator is the 28 year aged male who is genuinely arrogant and boastful ab pop never perceive a ghost. The story is being told by the main male character. The Red Room is based in a suspected haunted theatre of operations called Lorraine Castle. The character is in Lorraine move because he has been told it is haunted so is on that point to investigate if there are actually ghosts in the go as he has been told there is. During the story the unaccompanied thing that haunts him is his own fear and imagination. The part says in all its nakedness fear that will not have light nor sound, that will not knuckle under with reason, that deafens and darkens and overwhelms this is saying that he wasnt sca ablaze(p) by anything but the fear of being haunted by something. After his experiences in the red room he concludes that the castle is not ha unted by the ghost of earl nor the ghost of countess. The other characters in the story are the old people, this includes an old wo piece of music and two old men.The old wo globe is a very wise woman who lives in the house she has very pale eyes wide open which see inspect into the fire, she chooses the ignore the second old mans comments. The first old man has a withered arm and is wrinkled in the face, he dislikes the second old man as well. Then there is the last of the old people, the second old man. He walks with a crutch and is very wrinkled and old, the description we get of this old man in the story is He supported himself by a single crutch, his eyes were covered by a shade, and his lower lip, half averted, hung pale and go from his decaying yellow teeth.He also has a nasty cough. The old people talk to the man like they have experience seeing the ghosts themselves reiterate its your own choosing meaning whatever happens to him in the red room will be a consequence of h is actions in that room. Although the old woman is a very wise woman she says this night of all nights maybe she is referring to an event happening that same night years ago like the finis of the countess after her save played a joke on her the tale of a timid wife and the tragic end that came to her husbands jest of frightening her.The man says I half suspected the old people were trying to enhance the spiritual terror of their house by their droning insistence. here he is referring to how the old people make him feel, he also suspects the old people of making more of the ghosts. Lorraine castle is a very free dark show with shadows overlooking every move you make. One of the old men gives the young man a list of directions to get to the red room this is showing that the castle is big. The rooms are big and decorated with deep-toned, old fashioned furniture, the young man suspects a statue of a Ganymede and an Eagle is someone crouching to waylay him.The long, chilly and dust y corridors lead to the spiralling staircase which takes you to the red room, the most haunted room in the house. The doors are covered with baize making these room look forbidden . The castle is lighted up by candles and the moonlight which shines through the big windows. The red room is a very shadowy place coloured red and black with big bay windows. The candles and fire flicker with the draught coming in from the windows barely lighting up the room, rescuing it from the shadows that haunt the room had that indefinable quality of a presence, that risible suggestion of a lurking, living thing. The young man is very threatened by the darkness of the castle.Tonight of all nights that night could resemble the death of the young countess after her encounter with her husband. The fear of getting haunted by something got to much for the young man, making him go a bit crazy. Running backwards and forth to keep the room light relighting the candles that get blown out by the draught com ing from both the young man running and the windows. He was so afraid of being haunted by the shadows the shadows I feared and fought against returned, and crept in upon me.When all the candles are fading out the man panics to get out of the red room quick, he ends up injuring himself on all the furniture a vague memory of battering myself thus, to and fro in the darkness. Eventually he knocks himself out a horrible sensation of falling that lasted an age, of my last frantic effort to keep my footing, and then I remember no more. When he wakes up, he is found my the old man with a withered arm, not being able to remember who he is I seen to remember you, and yet I cannot remember who you are. The man soon recovers his memory and is able to tell the old man rough his experience in the red room.The young mans character changed dramatically during the story, he went from being over confident, arrogant not believing in ghosts to somebody that is absolutely terrified at the thought of being haunted and seeing a ghost. When the man tells the others that the room is haunted it seems like he is going to carry on and admit that the room is haunted, going back on what he said at the beginning of the story but he doesnt, he builds up the tension there is neither ghost of earl nor ghost of countess in that room, there is no ghost there at all but worse, far worse- and then tells them that the room is haunted by fear.So we dont cut what actually happened to the narrator in the red room, was he imagining it or was there actually a ghost?. My opinion on the effectiveness of the text as a ghost story is that it is not actually a ghost story, there isnt a ghost that haunts the young man, it is fear. It is a classic shivery story with darkness and fear lurking around, not knowing what is going to happen. Fear is uncontrollable, maybe it was fear that killed the young duke sending in flying down the stairs, exactly like it nearly killed the young man.Making him lose all his senses and go mad but he fought it and got out alive. Fear will always be there you can feel it even I the daytime, even of a bright summers day, in the hangings, in the curtains, keeping behind you however you face about it there is Fear in that room of hersblack Fear, and there will beso long as this house of sin endures. Fear will be there until the house is destroyed.

Agriculture Management of Tea Industry

Agriculture Management of afternoon afternoon tea leaf leaf IndustryIntroductionThis chapter will give the reader with the reform background of look study, query question, research objectives, vindication of research, organisation of study, research framework and brief everyplace collect of what will present later in the whole dissertation.1.1. Background of research studyAll makeups rate the accomplishment of their employees to find break their relative worth for the patronage they atomic number 18 doing. Per breedance is being related to the productivity, it is crucial for the transcription to achieve its goals and objectives. Effective doing for the organization means that output squeeze out be maintained with fewer numbers of employees. Performing effectively is in any case of crucial importance to the employee beca hold organizations can no longer tolerate inadequate surgical procedure, they (employees) atomic number 18 more likely to be dismissed. The e ffective management performance, therefore, is non only vital for the long-term survival of the organizations exactly is also a moral obligation on the employees. carrying into action judgment is considered as the regular evaluation of individuals to their performance on the job and their potentials for knowledge (Dale S. Beach, 1980 290). Wendell cut has defined performance appraisal as a systematic and periodic sound judgment of how employees are doing their jobs in relation to naturalised norms and the communication of that kind of assessment to employees. It is a process of evaluation an employees job performance with respect to its requirements.A systematic performance appraisal provides information for making decisions about various issues such(prenominal) as advances, pay increases, layoffs, training and development and transfers. It is managements powerful tool in controlling human resource and productivity. Managers can improve an employees job performance through and through clarifying expectations and evaluating performance. Employees also, in general, prefer having few kind of appraisal to develop an appropriate vision of their own effectiveness and opportunities (Wood, 1988). Formal performance appraisal can meet the three require, one of the organization and the other two of the individuals within the organizationIt provides systematic judgments to back up salary increase, transfer, demotion or termination.It is the means of communicating to subordinates the behavior, attitudes, skills or job knowledge and let him know where he stands.It is utilise as a base for coaching and counseling the individual by his captain1.2. Selected organisation of studyBeginning of tea plantation in Nepal dates back to the year 1863, when Mr. Gajraj Singh Thapa, the Badahakim (Chief Administrator) of Ilam, initiated tea plantation for the first time at Ilam. It is said that he was very much impressed by the taste of tea and fascinating beauty of tea gar dens of Darjeeling. So he brought tea-technicians from Darjeeling and made local people uniting hands in tea plantation. His effort was later followed by planting tea in Ilam and Soktim in the year 1865 (both plantations are still low mercenary production). It is believed that the tea seedlings were given by the Chinese goernment as gift to the then prime minister Jung Bahadur Rana. The first tea processing factory was accomplished in the year 1872, in Ilam Tea Estate.But the further amplification of tea plantation lay virtually stagnant for about a century. No efforts were found to be made by the government or private orbit in this direction. It was only in 1959 when Budhkaran Tea Estate was established at Rangiadanga (Maheshpur VDC, Jhapa), the first tea estate in private sector. Soon after this venture, a few other set ashorelords also started tea plantation in Jhapa district, which gave affinity to some tea estates such as Satighatta Tea Estate, Himalaya Tea garden, Nakk albanda Tea Estate, Mittal Tea Estate, Giribandhu Tea Estate. These tea estates are still among the leading private sector tea companies of Nepal. However, these plantations were done more with the motif of saving the land from land ceiling being imposed under the Land Ceiling Act in 1963, because all the plantations during that period were started by big land holding families. This can be seen in some of the plantation fields of those days having the tea bushes at the distance of more than two feet. These ventures, however, opened the door for other entrepreneurs in tea sector.In the history of tea development in Nepal, the establishment of Nepal Tea Development Corporation (NTDC) is considered to be a landmark to augment the tea gloss. NTDC was established in 1966, with the joint effort of the Government and Overseas Development governing (ODA), Britain with the objective of making the country self-reliant in tea by producing more tea, thereby, substituting import of tea and ea rn foreign currency by exporting quality tea. Soon after its establishment, NTDC took over the first two tea plantations, namely, Ilam and Soktim tea estates. NTDC then extended tea plantation in K some(prenominal)am (Ilam) in the year 1971, with the aim of producing exportable quality tea. One year later, another tea garden was established in Tokia (Jhapa) in 1972. Keeping in view of the increase internal demand of tea another tea estate was established in Barne (Shantinagar VDC, Jhapa). Later, two more tea estates, namely, Barradashi (Jhapa) and Chilingkot (Ilam) were established making all seven tea estates under the ownership and management of NTDC. Despite its significant contribution for the development of tea goal, the only government possess corporation face up acute financial and managerial problems in the latter years, and eventually NTDC was leased out to the private sector in the year 2000. The management of NTDC was handed over for 50 years to Triveni Group, with th e condition of keeping all workers in as it was form and terminating all staff under voluntary retirement scheme with superfluous two months salary as a golden handshake.Besides these plantations by government and private sectors, elfin growers started tea cultivation in the nearby VDCs of Kanyam, when NTDC established Kanyam Tea Estate. Some 40 small farmers started tea cultivation in some VDCs of Ilam district, such as, SriAntu, Kolbung, Kanyam, Fikkal, Pashupatinagar, Panchakanya, Laxmipur, and Godak. With the pass onment and technical support provided by NTDC, tea cultivation at small farmers level, expanded gradually in different parts of other districts, namely, Panchthar, Terhathum, Dhankuta, and Jhapa. In view of ripe(p) prospect of tea cultivation in the Eastern Region, the Government declared these five districts as Tea Zone in the year 1982 and accordingly adopted a preferable policy to encourage tea farmers in private sector. The facilities incorporated in the poli cy included providing easy loan to tea cultivators from Agriculture Development Bank with 50 share subsidy in the interest on loan for the first 5 years in Terai and 7 years in hills, exemption from land-ceiling for tea cultivation and 90 percent rebate on land-tax. With the objective of extending technical benefits, seedlings and transport facilities, small farmers lieus were established under NTDC in Fikkal, Manglabare and Jasbire of Ilam Chilingden of Panchathar Solma of Terhathum and Hile of Dhankuta districts. All these efforts contributed quite positively to the expansion of tea cultivation, which consequently gave birth to the concept of Bought Leaf Factory. The first processing unit of this kind was established in the year 1989, at Fikkal of Ilam district.The enactment of industrial Enterprise Act by the Government encouraged and facilitated more to the extension of tea cultivation. Industrial Enterprise Act, 1992 (amended in 1998) has an objective of encouraging the prom otion of manufacturing industries in the country by making the environment of industrial investment more congenial and straight forward. The Act has categorized tea cultivation and processing intentness as an agro-based industry which fall under national precession industries like horticulture and fruit processing, vegetable and seed farming, sericulture and silk production, animal husbandry etc.The Act has proposed some concessions to the agro-industries with an income tax exemption for a period of five years from the date of commercial production. If the tea industry wants to invest in the pollution controlling appliance or equipment, then a reduction of up to 50 percent is granted in the taxable income. Such remission may be deducted on a lump sum or an installment with a period of three years.The Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) gave a high priority to agro-based industries such as tea plantation and processing. The plan recognized agro-based industries as the basis of indus trialization in the country. This plan emphasized on the plantation of high-valued Orthodox tea for export. likewise it placed importance on the promotion of CTC tea for domestic consumption. During the plan period, essential tea area was projected to be 4564 hectare and total tea production was projected to be 4101 mt. from 3156 ha.Agriculture Development Bank actively disbursed credit to the tea sector during 1996-1997. As a result, the number of CTC planters under tea estates and out growers category increased rapidly. The reasons for increase in plantations, as responded by the tea planters, wereGood rate of returns as compared to traditional farming.Availability of entrust credit attracted tea plantation.High demand for tea in both domestic and foreign market (esp Orthodox tea).Peer pressures also motivated out growers to start tea plantation.The other reason was that other food crops could not be grown in the land adjoining tea plantation. By the use of insecticides and pes ticides in the tea plantation, insects are flushed out and take refuge in the nearby land which devours the crops.1.2.1. Types of TeaGenerally two theatrical roles of tea are produced in Nepal. One variety that is grown in the hilly region is called Orthodox tea. Orthodox tea has a huge demand in foreign countries and its export is increasing over the years. The major markets of Nepalese Orthodox tea are Western Europe and North America. Similarly, tea grown in Terai (plain area) specially in Jhapa district is called CTC (Crush, tear and Curl) tea, which accounts for more than 95% of the total domestic tea consumption.1.2.1.1. Orthodox TeaB escape tea, in the form of traditional leafage tea produced from hill grown tea, particularly Chinese type of tea is known as Orthodox tea. The Orthodox tea, particularly popular for its aroma, is considered as grant tea all over the world (Singh, 2001). This tea is produced from the leaves of tea bushes in the eastern hilly region. Despite its long plantation history, the production and productivity of Orthodox tea engage been low due to lack of conducive govt. policy, high cost of production (and therefore expensive) lack of technical know-how, and CTC orientated domestic market. However, the increasing demand of hill-orthodox tea in the overseas market provides good prospect of tea cultivation in the hilly region of Nepal.1.2.1.2. CTC TeaCTC tea, commonly employ by majority of tea consumers of the world (produced in Jhapa district) is popular for its color. The manufacturing process of CTC tea consists of withering of leaves, rolling, fermenting, and drying through mechanical devices. Furthermore, sorting is done with the help of form in different grades such as brokens, fannings, and dust.1.2.2. Present Status of Tea IndustryTea Industry includes all Tea Estates, processing plants, small growers, Packeters and marketers that are directly involved in production and marketing of tea. National Tea Policy-2000 defi nes Tea Industry as the tea cultivation with the registration of industry in the land availed under the concession of land ceiling facilities and having ones own processing plant. Although tea industry has a long history of more than a century, in real sense it is only after the establishment of Nepal Tea Development Corporation. Ltd. in 1966, that tea cultivation flourished in Nepal.At present, there are 128 tea estates and 45 tea processing factories as registered in NTCDB. Out of these 24 tea estates have their own processing factories whereas 21 tea processing factories do not have their own tea gardens. In addition to these, there are 20 tea packaging industries and export import agencies related to tea marketing.Tea industry in Nepal has developed under three different ownership status and management, namely, Public Estates, Private Estates and Small Holders. The only government owned and managed, NTDC was privatized in the year 2000. All these three types of tea producers hav e contributed significantly for the expansion of tea cultivation. The efforts made by Government and private sector entrepreneurs including small farmers have been the driving force for the extension of tea in the hills and Terai. Some of the outstanding steps taken by the Government over the last 25 years include establishment of NTDC, implementation of outgrows scheme, declaration of tea zone, and policy package including facilities like providing loan and subsidy on bank rate, exemption from land ceiling and land tax etc., establishment of NTCDB, and issuing of National Tea Policy-2000.The organization structure in all the tea estates under study was not presented clearly in the charts. However, the procedures and processes being conventiond in carrying out the everyday jobs in tea industry are more or less confusable in most of the cases. On the basis of the management system being adopted in the tea gardens consisting of different levels and statutory requirements, a common type of organization structure could be designed. The common structural pattern of tea estates is presented in Fig. 1.1.Fig. 1.1 Structural Pattern of a Tea GardenOwners / Board of conductorsManaging DirectorLaborWelfare OfficerAsst. Manager(Factory)OfficeFinance OfficerAsst. Manager(Field)Factory Babu main(prenominal) MechanicGarden BabuGarden ClerkHead ClerksAccountant calculator OperatorAsst. Health WorkerStaff Nurse SistersElectricianMechanicFitter BabuMain SardarSardarDafadarChaprasiBajliwalaKalwallaSardarsBahidarMain SardarMunshiWeatheringRollingStoringWorkersWorkersTeaMakerTea WorkerTea MakerWorkersManagerMedicalOfficerAsst. L.W.O.Asst. ClerkAsst. AccountantPeonIn practice the estates in Nepal were having typically a very simple line organization structure to administer the day to day routine operations. Fig. 1.2 exhibits a typical form of common organization structure found in all tea estates, though it was not formally exhibited in charts. Each tea estate consisted of a ma nager with whole responsibility to look after the garden and the factory both as routine work. His roles were more of a technician with the knowledge of tea culture and processing than a manager. Under the manger were appointed an assistant manager or an officer known as factory in-charge whose main roles and duties were related with racetrack the tea processing factory with the help of technical assistants. And in the garden there were a few assistants called Sardars to supervise the field work whereas in the office were an accountant/clerks. Attendance-keepers called Hazira-Babus and a peon. On the basis of field visits and observation in different tea estates the existing common organization structure could be pull as under.Fig. 1.2 Organization Structure of Tea EstatesOwners / Board of DirectorsManaging DirectorMechanics,FittersSardarsAsst. FittersPeonGuardsFieldWorkersWorkersManagerOffice AccountantFactory InchargeFieldInchargeSenior SardarsClerksComputer OperatorsAttendance KeeperSardars Bahidars1.3. look into questionIs the performance appraisal practice key to pay rise, training and development, promotion or termination of the employee in the tea industry of Nepal?1.4. Research objectivesThe specific objectives of this study wereTo examine how employee performance is appraised in an organization.To evaluate the effectiveness of performance appraisal system in the organization.To analyze the consanguinity between performance appraisal and the factors like pay rise, training and development, promotion or termination of employee in an organization.1.5. Justification of researchTea industry which occupies an important position in the national economy is growing extensively mainly in the eastern region of Nepal. It is, being one of the most labor intensive, agro-based industries it involves a great deal of workforce, which provides direct employment to about 41000 workforces. After the privatization of Nepal Tea Development Corporation in 2000, the cha nge in ownership is also tended to(p) by deep changes in organizational procedures and culture that could have a profound effect on enterprise behavior and performance (Manandhar, 2002 37).There have been only a few research studies in the field of human resource management in private enterprises of Nepal. And there has not yet been any specific research conducted in performance appraisal in tea industry of Nepal. So, in view of the poor research-based on performance appraisal and the lack of knowledge existing in this field, the research work is virtually called for the streamlining of performance appraisal practices. Research can lead to an increased understanding of and improvement in performance appraisal practices. It can provide insights for managers as they attempt to increase employee productivity and satisfaction while reducing absences and turnover. Research can also localise potential problem areas related to performance appraisalLack of specific research in this field has encouraged the researcher to take up the task of conducting a comprehensive research with the purpose of examining and analyzing the actual performance appraisal practices in tea industry of Nepal. This study will reveal a clear picture about the existing state of performance appraisal practices in tea industry. The outcome of the study may serve as a research infrastructure on which further researches can be built. And the information and conclusions derived from this study may be useful and helpful for practicing managers, as well as planners, policy makers and other agencies concerned, through better understanding of performance appraisal practices relating to tea industry. Thus, it is a modest attempt towards examining and understanding performance appraisal practices in tea industry of Nepal.1.6. Structure of dissertationChapter 1 Introduction In the first chapter of dissertation covers with background information followed by the selected organisation of study, research que stion, research objectives, justification of study, structure of dissertation and end with research framework.Chapter 2 Literature review The second chapter reviews relevant literature of performance appraisal consisting of academic and institutional researches, seminar and visual modality incubates, and articles. Also it includes purpose of performance appraisal and methods of PA. The literature showed that there is positive and strong relationship between performance appraisal and pay rise, promotion or termination, and training and development of employee.Chapter 3 Methodology This chapter deals with the general theories of research like phenomenology and positivism and shows the relevance of phenomenology for this research study. Apart from this, it includes the types of research like inductive and deductive research where the researcher applies the inductive research approach. Finally the data collection tools, techniques, analysis and interpretation methods are dealt briefly in this chapter.Chapter 4.Finding/result This chapter presents all roll up data from primary and secondary sources in tabular form for analysis in order to achieve the goal of the dissertation.Chapter 5 Analysis and discuss of purpose This chapter deals with the results of the data analysis and discussion on the findings.Chapter 6 Conclusion and recommendation This chapter deals with summarizes major findings of the study and forwards some suggestions1.7. Research frameworkFigure 1.3. Research frameworkPROBLEMSLITERATURE REVIEWOBJECTIVESFINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONSPROBLEMSCONCLUSIONSPROBLEMSRECOMMENDATIONSPROBLEMSRESEARCH METHODOLOGYPrimary DataQuestionnairesInterviewsSecondary DataPAS Model of Tea IndustryAnalysis of Organisations Operating Systems and PerformanceCHAPTER TWOLiterature Review2.1. Performance AppraisalThe essence of the concept of the HRM is that people working in the organization are viewed as a priceless resource. If these people are managed properly, they can boos t productivity through commitment and capability. HRM lays emphasis on the importance of integrating personnel functions (recruitment, selection, appraisal, reward, development, industrial relations, grievance and discipline, retirement, redundancy, dismissal) into the overall strategic management of the organization obligation on the employees.The effective management of performance is not only vital for the survival of the organization but is also in the best interest of the employees. The underlying assumption of performance management is that the individual employees can satisfy their needs and objectives by contributing to the attainment of the organizations objectives. This may result in employees motivation and greater job-satisfaction which is at the core of HRM (Foot and Hook 2008).The performance appraisal process generally consists of the following six steps as depicted in Figure 1 (Decenzo and Robbins, 1998). control board 2.1. The Performance Appraisal ProcessEstablish ment of performance standardsCommunicate the performance expectations to employeesMeasure actual inwardness of performanceCompare the actual performance with standardsDiscuss appraisal with the employeeIf necessary, take disciplinary actionPerformance appraisal begins with the establishment of clear and objective standards of performance evolved out of job analysis and job description. These standards need to be communicated to the employees. Subordinates have to receive and understand the information properly. The third step is the measurement of the actual performance. For this, quaternion measures can be utilized by managers, namely, personal observation, satisfied reports, oval reports and written reports. The fourth step is the comparing of the actual performance with standards. If any deviations are found between standards and actual performance, the manager may proceed to the fifth step to discuss the appraisal with the employees. Final step of appraisal is taking correcti ve action when it requiresThe objectives of performance appraisal can be classified by different ways but according to (Harrison, 1995) to the objectives of performance appraisals are i. administrative which check orderly way of promotion, transfers and increase of payment. ii. Informative supplying the relevant data to management team according to performance of subordinates and weakness and strengths of individual. iii. Motivational create good environment to employee which motivate staff to develop themselves and to improve their performanceAccording to (Randell, et al. 1972) the main purpose of staff appraisal is to evaluate, auditing, constructing achieverion plans, motivating staff, developing individuals andchecking. Similarly according to (Lefton, 1997 ) performance appraisal can be defined by mainly four characteristics a. its formal b. it tries to find out why and how a subordinates is doing the job c. it tries to explore how subordinate can do better way in a job d.it unendingly tries to produce benefits for subordinate, the organization and the superior.Performance evaluation systems in Nepalese organizations are mandatory. The results of performance appraisal are not used in terms of career development, reward management and employee training and development. The results are generally used to decide whether to promote employees or not (Adhikari, 2006).The main purpose of performance evaluation in government and macrocosm enterprises is the promotion of employees. It is not used for performance feedback to employees, reward management and identifying the needs of training and development. In civil service, 40 percent of performance appraisal is confidential and thus non transparent to employee (Agrawal, 2001). iii different approaches exist for doing appraisals. Employees can be appraised against (i) absolute standards, (ii) relative standards, or (iii) objectives (MBO). However, no one approach is always best. Absolute standards are individua l oriented whereas relative standards rank individuals. Management by objectives facilitates continuous improvement of performance results.Most of the private sector enterprises in Nepal lack systematic performance appraisal system. individualized judgment and subjective assessment of owner-manager serves as the key criteria for performance appraisal (Agrawal, 1982). Formal and systematic performance appraisal system was non-existent in tea industry of Nepal.Promotion is the vertical movement of an individual in an organizations hierarchy, enhanced status, accompanied by increased responsibilities, and usually with increased income, though it is not always so (Monappa and Engineer, 1999). It is the advancement of an employee to a higher job-rank in the organizational hierarchy accompanied by a pay rise (Pigors and Myers, 1981 303). Employees consider their ultimate success of their career and performance in terms of the number and frequency of promotion they get during their servic e. Yoder et al observed that promotion gives incentive to initiative, ambition and enterprise, unrest and minimizes discontent, attracts confident personalities, appropriate logical training of advancement, and forms and effective reward for cooperation and loyalty, long term service, etc. (Yoder,1979). It increases satisfaction in the employees that their talents and capabilities are being recognized. In turn, they trust the organization and devote for the accomplishment of organizational goals and objectives.In Nepal, the Civil Service Act was promulgated in 1956 which stated that promotion should be given to civil service personnel on the basis of work efficiency (Civil Service rule, 1993). Many changes have been done in the promotion system of the employee in the government organization since that time. The Administrative Reform Commission formed under the chairmanship of Mr. Vedananda Jha suggested that the promotion criteria for civil service personnel should include (a) seni ority, (b) eff, (c) academic qualification and training, and (d) departmental performance report including co-operative attitude. Another Administration Reform Commission formed under the chairmanship of Mr. B.B. Thapa noted as promotion occupied special importance in the career development of employees, so capability to hold higher promotion and the capacity to perform the work satisfactory in the present position were the main criteria of promotion (Government of Nepal, 1996, communicate of Commission). Amendments were done in the Civil Service Rules in 1978 and 1983. Similarly the Administrative Reform Committee formed under the chairmanship of the then prime-minister Mr. G.P. Koirala in 1991 emphasized performance oriented promotion system. The new Civil Service Act, 1993 laid stress on performance ability with criteria such as past tense performance, seniority, work experience of remote area, and academic qualification. Similarly, the comparative weight-ages of promotion cri teria of civil service employees were changed after 1992.NASCs study on promotion system of civil services stated that there was lack of clarity in its purpose and no consistency in the average promotion period between level and services. The risk of subjectivity in merit rating was a major apprehension in the minds of civil servants for giving more weight to merit rating. Even the performance evaluators views were in favor of no link of the promotion with the performance. Basic perquisites for sound performance appraisal practices, such as clear organizational and sectional objectives, individual job descriptions, tolerable and reliable information system etc. were not properly provided in the civil service. Majorities were in favor of number allotting 50 percent of seats to the promotion by competitive examination as compared to the exiting 25 percent, in some cases even less.Williams (1972) ascertained that managers lacked adequate means or determination to control the motivatio n and productivity of their workforce. Job description, performance appraisal and output indicators were non-existent rewards and sanctions were irrationally applied salaries were not genuinely related to knowledge and or effort requirements offices had inadequate facilities poor co-operation and limited delegation. The top of the decision making level was congested by trivialities while middle-level staff were in a soporific frenzy over the responsibilities for complex planning and fiscal matter. The review presented above fairly indicates that the limited attempts have been made to study personnel / HR management practices in public and private enterprises of Nepal. Those studies have shed light on some aspects of personnel / HR management, however, the concluding remark indicates that personnel /HR management in the past remained neglected areas of management. This review also indicates that no systematic attempts have been made to study HRM practices in tea industry of Nepal. Th is knowledge gap has called for a systematic study which could bridge up such a gap. The present study is an attempt in that direction.2.2. Purpose of performance appraisalIt can be appeared at first glance that performance appraisals are applied for a kind id narrow purpose to assess who is doing a better job (or not). Even so genuinely performance appraisals are one of the most various tools available to managers. They may operate many purposes that profit both the employee whose performance is being appraised and the organisation.Table 2.2.Purpose of performance appraisalADMINISTRATIVEDEVELOPMENTDecide on lay offs light upon individuals weaknesses and strengthsDetermine retention and terminationDescribe individual training needsDocument personal decisionsProvide performance feedbackFind out promotion conditionsAcknowledge individual performanceDetermine transfers and assignmentsMeasure goal achievementDescribe poor performanceAssist in goal identificationEvaluate training progres s/programDetermine the organizational training needsPersonal planningReinforce authority design